Important Bills Passed in the Year 2023

Women's Reservation Bill

 

New Parliament

 

Indian Polity - Citizenship

 

Indian Polity - Citizenship

 

Important Sources of Indian Constitution

Government of India Act 1935	Federal Scheme Emergency Provisions Public Service Commissions Office of Governor Judiciary Administrative Details
Constitution of the United States	Preamble Fundamental Rights The federal structure of government Electoral College Independence of the judiciary and separation of powers among the three branches of the government Judicial review President as Supreme Commander of Armed Forces Equal protection under law
British constitution	Parliamentary form of government The idea of single citizenship The idea of the Rule of law Writs Institution of Speaker and his role Lawmaking procedure Procedure established by Law
Irish constitution (Ireland)	Directive Principles of State Policy Nomination of members to Rajya Sabha Method of Election of President
Australian constitution	Freedom of trade and commerce within the country and between the states Power of the national legislature to make laws for implementing treaties, even on matters outside normal Federal jurisdiction Concurrent List
French constitution	Republic and the ideals of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity in the Preamble
Constitution of South Africa	Procedure for amendment Election of Rajya Sabha members
Constitution of Soviet Union (USSR)	Fundamental Duties under Article 51-A A Constitutionally mandated Planning Commission to oversee the development of the economy
Constitution of Germany	Emergency powers to be enjoyed by the Union Suspension of Fundamental Rights during an emergency.
Constitution of Japan	Procedure Established by Law
Constitution of Russia	Fundamental Duties Idea of Social, Economic, and Political Justice in Preamble

List of all Vice Presidents of India

No.	Name	Elected	Tenure
1.	Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan	1952-1957	13 May, 1952 – 12 May, 1962
2.	Zakir Husain	1962	13 May, 1962 – 12 May, 1967
3.	Varahagiri Venkata Giri	1967	13 May, 1967 – 3 May, 1969
4.	Gopal Swarup Pathak	1969	31 August, 1969 – 30 August, 1974
5.	Basappa Danappa Jatti	1974	31 August, 1974 – 30 August, 1979
6.	Mohammad Hidayatullah	1979	31 August, 1979 – 30 August, 1984
7.	Ramaswamy Venkataraman	1984	31 August, 1984 – 24 July, 1987
8.	Shankar Dayal Sharma	1987	3 September, 1987 – 24 July, 1992
9.	Kocheril Raman Narayanan	1992	21 August, 1992 – 24 July, 1997
10.	Krishan Kant	1997	21 August, 1997 – 27 July, 2002
11.	Bhairon Singh Shekhawat	2002	19 August, 2002 – 21 July, 2007
12.	Mohammad Hamid Ansari	2007	11 August, 2007 – 10 August, 2017
13.	Venkaiah Naidu	2017	11 August, 2007 – Incumbent

List of All Presidents of India

No.	Name	Elected	Tenure
1.	Rajendra Prasad	1952-1957	26 January, 1950 – 12 May, 1962
2.	Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan	1962	13 May, 1962 – 13 May, 1967
3.	Zakir Husain	1967	13 May, 1967 – 3 May, 1969
4.	Varahagiri Venkata Giri (Acting)	–	3 May, 1969 – 20 July, 1969
5.	Mohammad Hidayatullah*	–	20 July, 1969 – 24 August, 1969
6.	Varahagiri Venkata Giri	1969	24 August 1969 – 24 August, 1974
7.	Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed	1974	24 August, 1974 – 11 February, 1977
8.	Basappa Danappa Jatti (Acting)	–	11 February, 1977 – 25 July, 1977
9.	Neelam Sanjiva Reddy	1977	25 July, 1977 – 25 July, 1982
10.	Giani Zail Singh	1982	25 July, 1982 – 25 July, 1987
11.	Ramaswamy Venkataraman	1987	25 July, 1987 – 25 July, 1992
12.	Shankar Dayal Sharma	1992	25 July, 1992 – 25 July, 1997
13.	Kocheril Raman Narayanan	1997	25 July, 1997 – 25 July, 2002
14.	A. P. J. Abdul Kalam	2002	25 July, 2002 – 25 July, 2007
15.	Pratibha Patil	2007	25 July, 2007 – 25 July, 2012
16.	Pranab Mukherjee	2012	25 July, 2012 – 25 July, 2017
17.	Ram Nath Kovind	2017	25 July, 2017 – Incumbent

INDIAN POLITY - IMPORTANT FEATURES

VARIOUS INDIAN ACTS

Polity Snippets

How many languages are recognized in India as statutory?	22
What is the age in India to get the right to vote?	18
The drafting of Indian constitution was completed in the year	1949
Delinking of the state from religious matters is known as	Secularism
The chairman of the constitution drafting committee was	Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
What is the minimum age requirement for a person to be a candidate in Lok Sabha elections?	25
The first general elections were held in India in	1952
The writ that provides a remedy for illegal detention of a person	Habeas Corpus
The Impeachment of the President of India can be initiated in The Parliamentary form of government was first evolved in	Britain
The Indian Constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on	26 November, 1949
The concept of Directive Principles of State Policy is borrowed from	Ireland
The members of Rajya Sabha are elected for a term of	Six years
The first state created on linguistic basis was	Andhra Pradesh
The highest law officer in the state is	Advocate General
The State Reorganisation Commission was appointed in 1953 under the chairmanship of	Fazal Ali
India - China war occurred in	1962
India's foreign policy is	Non-Alignment
Who can levy the taxes on agricultural revenues?	Central Government
If President and Vice President, both are unavailable, who would discharge the functions?	Chief Justice of India
What can be the maximum number of members of the Lok Sabha ?	552
What was the strength of Lok Sabha after India's first general elections?	489
In India the Parliament is made up of	1. Lok Sabha 2. Rajya Sabha 3. President
Who can choose President of India?	1. Members of Lok Sabha 2. Members of Rajya Sabha 3. Members of Legislative Assemblies
The Vice President of India is elected by the Electoral College consisting of the members of	Rajyasabha and Loksabha
How many members can be nominated in Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha by the President of India?	Rajya Sabha 12, Lok Sabha 2.
The jurisdiction covering the Andaman and Nicobar islands falls under the supervision of	A circuit bench of the Kolkata High Court at Port Blair
Jurisdiction of which among the following High Courts covers the Union Territory of Lakshadweep?	Kerala High Court
The number of judges can be altered in the Supreme Court by the	Parliament
Who among the following can dismiss Governor of a state from his office?	President
Which state is not a part of the Eastern Zonal Council?	Assam
The current strength of judges in India's Supreme Court is	30
What is the maximum (sanctioned) strength of Supreme Court including the Chief Justice of India?	31
Which among the following is the middle unit of Three - Tier Panchayati Raj System?	Panchayat Samiti
A National emergency on the grounds of security threat is proclaimed under which among the following articles?	Article 352
Deputy Speaker and Speaker of the Lok Sabha may resign by giving in writing to	Each other

CONSTITUTION OF INDIA : ARTICLES

Comparison of the Indian Electorate from 1951–1952 To 2014

A comparison of the electoral data as per the final publication of summary revision 2014 (released by the Election Commission of India on 14^th February, 2014) with that of previous General Elections shows that the total electorate size of the country grew from 173,212,343 electors in the 1st General Elections of 1951 – 1952 to become 814,591,184 in 2014 - more than 4.7 times the figure in 1951 – ’52. Relative to 1971 (the year since when the sex-wise break-up of electors is available), the size of the total electorate grew by 197.1% or became 2.97 times. Further, both the number of male electors and the number of female electors became 2.97 times of their respective numbers in 1971. The proportion of female electors in the Indian electorate has showed little variation since 1971, always hovering between 47.4% and 48.0%.

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The Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order (Second Amendment) Bill, 2013 Passed By Rajya Sabha

The Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order (Second Amendment) Bill, 2013 was passed by the Rajya Sabha on 6 September 2013. The Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order (Second Amendment) Bill was introduced in the Lok Sabha on 14 December 2012 by the Minister of Tribal Affairs, V. Kishore Chandra Deo. The Bill was passed by the Lok Sabha on 24 August 2013.

Objective of the Bill:

The Bill seeks to amend the Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950 to modify the list of Scheduled Tribes in the states of Kerala and Chhattisgarh.

Major highlights of the Bill:

• Article 342 of the Constitution of India states that the President may notify the Scheduled Tribes in a state after consultation with the Governor of the state.  The President issued the 1950 Order, in accordance with this Article. 
• According to the Article 342 of the Constitution of India, Scheduled Tribes means such tribes or tribal communities or parts of or groups within such tribes or tribal communities as are deemed under Article 342 to be Scheduled Tribes for the purposes of India Constitution.
• The Bill amended the Schedule of the 1950 Order to include certain groups as Scheduled Tribes.  The Marati community is being re-included in the list of Scheduled Tribes in Kerala.  
• Scheduled Tribe status is being granted to the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups namely Abujh Maria and Hill Korwa in the list of Scheduled Tribes in Chhattisgarh.

Chairmen of Parliamentary Committees

AS ON :- 29/08/2013

Srno Name Status House Party State Committees of Rajya SabhaBusiness Advisory Committee Constituted on:- 08/05/2013 1 Chairman, Rajya Sabha Chairman Rajya Sabha  - - Committee of Privileges Constituted on:- 08/05/2013 1 Prof. P.J. Kurien Chairman Rajya Sabha  I.N.C. KR Committee on Ethics Constituted on:- 28/12/2012 1 Prof. Ram Gopal Yadav Chairman Rajya Sabha  S.P. UP Committee on Government Assurances Constituted on:- 08/05/2013 1 Shri Satish Chandra Misra Chairman Rajya Sabha  B.S.P. UP Committee on MPLADS Constituted on:- 23/08/2012 1 Prof. P.J. Kurien Chairman Rajya Sabha  I.N.C. KR Committee on Papers Laid on the table Constituted on:- 08/05/2013 1 Shri D.P. Tripathi Chairman Rajya Sabha  N.C.P. MH Committee on Petitions Constituted on:- 08/05/2013 1 Shri Bhagat Singh Koshyari Chairman Rajya Sabha  B.J.P. UTK Committee on Provision of Computers to Members of Rajya Sabha Constituted on:- 23/08/2012 1 1 Dr. Karan Singh Chairman Rajya Sabha  I.N.C. DL 1 Nominated w.e.f. 27/12/2012 Committee on Rules Constituted on:- 08/05/2013 1 Chairman, Rajya Sabha Chairman Rajya Sabha  - - Committee on Subordinate Lesiglation Constituted on:- 08/05/2013 1 Smt. Maya Singh Chairman Rajya Sabha  B.J.P. Madhya Pradesh General Purposes Committee Constituted on:- 26/10/2010 1 Chairman, Rajya Sabha Chairman Rajya Sabha  - - House Committee Constituted on:- 08/05/2013 1 Shri Bhubaneshwar Kalita Chairman Rajya Sabha  I.N.C. AS Joint CommitteesCommitte on Empowerment of Women Constituted on:- 23/09/2012 1 1 Rajkumari Ratna Singh Chairman Lok Sabha  I.N.C. 1 Nominated w.e.f. 28/10/2012 Committee on Food Management in Parliament House Complex Constituted on:- 15/10/2009 1 Prof. Ranjan Prasad Yadav Chairman Lok Sabha  J.D.(U) Committee on Public Accounts Constituted on:- 01/05/2012 1 Dr. Murli Manohar Joshi Chairman Lok Sabha  B.J.P. UP Committee on Public Undertakings Constituted on:- 01/05/2013 1 Shri Jagdambika Pal Chairman Lok Sabha  I.N.C. Committee on Welfare of Other Backward Classes Constituted on:- 29/06/2013 1 Shri Bijoy Handique Chairman Lok Sabha  I.N.C. Assam Committee on Welfare of Scheduled Castes & Scheduled Tribes Constituted on:- 01/05/2012 1 Shri Gobinda Chandra Naskar Chairman Lok Sabha  A.I.T.C. Constitution of a Joint Parliamentary Committee to examine matters relating to allocation and pricin Constituted on:- 11/03/2011 1 Shri P.C. Chacko Chairman Lok Sabha  I.N.C. Joint Committee on Members Salary & Allowances Constituted on:- 24/01/2013 1 Shri Bhaskar Rao Patil Khatgonkar Chairman Lok Sabha  I.N.C Joint Committee on Offices of Profit Constituted on:- 01/12/2009 1 Kunwar Rewati Raman Singh Chairman Lok Sabha  S.P. Uttar Pradesh Joint Parliamentary Committee on Installation of Portraits/Statues of National Leaders and Parliamen Constituted on:- 04/08/2009 1 Smt. Meira Kumar Chairman Lok Sabha  I.N.C. Bihar Joint Parliamentary Committee on Maintenance of Heritage Character and Development of Parliament Hou Constituted on:- 15/12/2009 1 Smt. Meira Kumar Chairman Lok Sabha  I.N.C. Bihar Joint Parliamentary Committee on Security in Parliament House Complex Constituted on:- 04/09/2009 1 Shri Kariya Munda Chairman Lok Sabha  B.J.P. Jharkhand Library Committee Constituted on:- 24/11/2011 1 Shri Kariya Munda Chairman Lok Sabha  B.J.P. Jharkhand Railway Convention Committee Constituted on:- 15/03/2010 1 Shri Arjun Charan Sethi Chairman Lok Sabha  B.J.D. Orissa Committe on Information Technology Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Rao Inderjit Singh Chairman Lok Sabha  I.N.C. Haryana Committee on Agriculture Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Basudeb Acharia Chairman Lok Sabha  C.P.I.(M) West Bengal Committee on Chemicals and Fertilizers Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Gopinath Munde Chairman Lok Sabha  B.J.P. Committee on Coal and Steel Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Kalyan Banerjee Chairman Lok Sabha  A.I.T.C. Committee on Commerce Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Shanta Kumar Chairman Rajya Sabha  B.J.P. HP Committee on Defence Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 1 Shri Raj Babbar Chairman Lok Sabha  S.P. Uttar Pradesh 1 Nominated w.e.f. 05/11/2012 Committee on Energy Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Mulayam Singh Yadav Chairman Lok Sabha  S.P. Uttar Pradesh Committee on External Affairs Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Ananth Kumar Chairman Lok Sabha  B.J.P. Karnataka Committee on Finance Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Yashwant Sinha Chairman Lok Sabha  B.J.P. Jharkhand Committee on Food, Consumer Affairs and Public Distribution Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Vilas Baburao Muttemwar Chairman Lok Sabha  I.N.C. Committee on Health and Family Welfare Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Brajesh Pathak Chairman Rajya Sabha  B.S.P. UP Committee on Home Affairs Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu Chairman Rajya Sabha  B.J.P. KAR Committee on Labour Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Dara Singh Chauhan Chairman Lok Sabha  B.S.P. Committee on Personnel, Public Grievances, Law and Justice Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Shantaram Naik Chairman Rajya Sabha  I.N.C. GOA Committee on Petroleum and Natural Gas Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri V. Aruna Kumar Vundavalli Chairman Lok Sabha  I.N.C. Committee on Railways Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri T.R. Baalu Chairman Lok Sabha  D.M.K. Tamil Nadu Committee on Rural Development Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Smt. Sumitra Mahajan Chairman Lok Sabha  B.J.P. Madhya Pradesh Committee on Science & Technology, Environment & Forests Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Dr. T. Subbarami Reddy Chairman Rajya Sabha  I.N.C. Andhra Pradesh Committee on Social Justice and Empowerment Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Hemanand Biswal Chairman Lok Sabha  I.N.C. Committee on Transport, Tourism and Culture Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Sitaram Yechury Chairman Rajya Sabha  C.P.I.(M) WB Committee on Urban Development Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Sharad Yadav Chairman Lok Sabha  J.D.(U) Bihar Committee on Water Resources Constituted on:- 31/08/2012 1 Shri Dip Gogoi Chairman Lok Sabha  I.N.C. Sub-Committee of Home Affairs for Enemy Property (Amendment & Validation) Second Bill, 2010 Constituted on:- 25/04/2011 1 Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu Chairman Rajya Sabha  B.J.P. KAR

Note: In Membership,The options Past, Present and Current represent the Following Options:- Past :- "From and "To" date fields appear to enable selection Present:- Data relating to total membership of current Committees(i.e. from date of constitution/reconstitution to date) are available Current:- Data relating to current membership of current Committees are available The option "All" next to Committee name if enabled, gives historical data of selected Committee Disclaimer :- Only those Parliamentary Committees are included in the database, wherein                     (a) Rajya Sabha is represented and                     (b) The Committees are not purely internal to Parliament. As such, the Committee on Estimates , which is a purely Lok Sabha Committee has not been included. Similarly internal Committees such as Library Committee have not been included.